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ART CULTS DE INVESTIGATE N Rev Med Chile 2012; 140: 873-881 Ideas auto ticks, violence autoinfligida, y s Tomas depressives en escolars Chileans SERGIO BARROILHET1,2, ROSEMARIE FRITSCH6,3, VIVIANA

A recent study found that suicidal behaviors were associated with physical injury. We examined the association between self-directed violence and depression among adolescent Chilean school students. Methods: Seventy-two Chilean adolescents were assessed, using the Self-Actualization Scale, and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Results: The majority of the sample had self-directed violent behavior, characterized by physical injury. In the sample, the prevalence of depression and suicidal ideation as well as suicidal behavior were significantly associated with self-directed violent behavior, although the direction of the association was mixed. Conclusions: We observed significant association between self-directed violence and depression and suicidal ideation among Chilean school adolescents, which suggests an association between self-directed violence and depression among Chilean adolescents. Keywords: adolescent, suicide, depression, suicidality The purpose of this paper is to review the epidemiology of suicide in Chile that occurred in response to the economic crisis, including data analysis of the national suicide mortality rate. Because the economic crisis has had a very pronounced impact on suicide rate in Chile, we provide several insights for the country from a suicide prevention perspective. From the perspective of the suicide literature, the economic crisis has occurred at a moment of time during which both an increase in the unemployment rate and an increase in the age-adjusted suicide rate may have occurred. INTRO Suicide is the 5th leading cause of death in the world (WHO 2010), and in the U. S. suicide accounts for about 36% to 40% of all intentional injuries (CDC) (see). To date suicide remains one of the world's leading preventable causes of death. About 11.1 million people die from suicide in the U. S., and about a quarter of all suicides in the U.S. (Rosenberg 2001), including about 8.5 million in a single day (American Foundation for Suicide Prevention 2008). In the United States, the majority (78%) of suicides are male (WHO 2009, WHO 2007). In the United States, the suicide rate is two to three times higher than any other industrialized country in the world (WHO 2009). In 2002, the United States had the highest suicide rate for males of any major country, followed by the Netherlands, France, and England & Wales (CDC), with the United States being among the three highest suicide rates in the world (CDC). Suicide is the fourth leading cause of death in Chile, and the suicide rate here is also high.

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