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What is crack tip plasticity?
If plastic deformation occurs, then the elastic stresses are limited by yielding since stress singularity cannot occur, but stress relaxation takes place within the plastic zone. This plastic deformation occurs in a small region, and it is called the crack-tip plastic zone.
What is crack tip singularity?
Controlling the singularity at the crack tip. If the geometry of the crack region defines a sharp crack, the strain field becomes singular at the crack tip, as described in Constructing a fracture mechanics mesh for small-strain analysis with the conventional finite element method.
What is crack theory?
The theory predicts that a crack will propagate in order to lower the total energy of the system, by dissipating the elastic strain energy due to loading into the creation of a new surface.
What is singularity in fracture mechanics?
It is known from Chapter 3 that linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFT) predicts an inverse square-root singularity at a crack tip. The stress singularity implies that the elastic stress will exceed the yield stress when approaching the crack tip, and consequently, a plastic zone develops in the crack tip region.
Which mode of crack displacement is most commonly encountered?
Although the fracture of a material may involve either one or a combination of the three crack displacement modes, mode I is the most commonly encountered, and thus, the fracture toughness and fracture energy for mode I are cited for most situations.
Why does a plastic zone form around a crack tip in a ductile metal under tension?
In ductile materials (and even in materials that appear to be brittle), a plastic zone develops at the tip of the crack. As the applied load increases, the plastic zone increases in size until the crack grows and the elastically strained material behind the crack tip unloads.
Why does a plastic zone form at the tip of a crack when the cracked body is loaded in tension?
As a cracked body is loaded, a plastic zone will grow at the crack tip as described in §11.3. At a sufficiently high load amplitude the material near the crack tip will yield in compression.
How does the stress concentration around a crack tip depend on crack geometry and size?
Note that the stress concentration factor is a function of the geometry of a crack or notch, and not of its size. As the radius of curvature approaches zero, like the tip of a sharp crack, the maximum stress approaches infinity and therefore stress concentration factors cannot be used for a crack.
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