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Petechial, Purpura and Vasculitis Basic Dermatology Curriculum Last updated December 10, 2015 1 Module Instructions The following module contains a number of blue, underlined terms which are hyperlinked

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1. First, gather all necessary information and medical history related to the patient's condition. This includes any previous diagnoses, medications, and allergies.
2. Begin by carefully examining the patient's skin for any petechiae, which are small red or purple spots caused by burst blood vessels. Pay close attention to areas such as the legs, arms, and face.
3. Use a dermatoscope, if available, to provide a closer look at the petechiae and determine their characteristics. This can help in identifying any underlying causes or potential complications.
4. Evaluate the patient's symptoms and medical history to determine the possible causes of petechiae. Common causes include platelet disorders, infections, certain medications, or underlying medical conditions like vasculitis or leukemia.
5. Perform a thorough physical examination to check for any additional signs or symptoms that may help in diagnosing the underlying cause of petechiae. This may involve assessing the patient's organs, joints, lymph nodes, and neurological functions.
6. Order appropriate diagnostic tests based on the suspected cause of petechiae. These may include complete blood count (CBC), blood clotting tests, liver and kidney function tests, infectious disease screening, and possibly a skin biopsy.
7. Review the results of the diagnostic tests and correlate them with the patient's symptoms and medical history. This will allow for a more accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan.
8. Discuss the findings and diagnosis with the patient, clearly explaining the causes and potential implications of petechiae purpura. Answer any questions they may have and address any concerns or anxieties.
9. Develop a treatment plan based on the underlying cause of petechiae purpura. This may involve prescribing medications, recommending lifestyle changes, or referring to a specialist for further evaluation.

Who needs petechiae purpura?

1. Individuals who have sudden or unexplained appearance of petechiae on their skin.
2. People who have a history of bleeding disorders, such as thrombocytopenia or coagulation disorders.
3. Patients with certain medical conditions that may predispose them to develop petechiae, such as vasculitis, leukemia, or bacterial endocarditis.
4. Those who are taking medications that can potentially cause petechiae as a side effect, such as certain antibiotics or anticoagulants.
5. Individuals who have been in close contact with someone diagnosed with an infectious disease known to cause petechiae, such as meningococcal meningitis or Rocky Mountain spotted fever.
6. Patients who have recurring episodes of petechiae or other abnormal bleeding that require further investigation and management.

It is important to note that petechiae may indicate an underlying medical condition and should not be ignored. Seeking prompt medical attention is crucial in order to obtain an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

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