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IllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll US005281521A United States Patent 19 11 45 Trojanowski et al. 54 MODIFIED AVIDINBIOTIN TECHNIQUE 75 Inventors: John Q. Trojanowski;
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01
Prepare the sample: Begin by preparing the sample that will be used in the modified avidin-biotin technique. Whether it's a tissue section, blood sample, or any other sample type, ensure it is properly collected and processed according to the specific experiment requirements.
02
Blocking step: To prevent non-specific binding, it is important to block the sample. This can be achieved by incubating the sample in a blocking solution, such as bovine serum albumin (BSA) or nonfat dry milk. The blocking step helps minimize background noise and ensures specific binding between the avidin-biotin complex and the target molecule.
03
Primary antibody incubation: In the modified avidin-biotin technique, a primary antibody is used to bind to the target molecule of interest. Dilute the primary antibody in an antibody dilution buffer and incubate the sample with it. The primary antibody will specifically attach to its respective target within the sample.
04
Wash steps: After the primary antibody incubation, it is crucial to wash away any unbound antibodies or other contaminants. This is usually done by immersing the sample in a wash buffer and gently agitating it. Repeat this wash step multiple times to ensure minimal non-specific binding.
05
Secondary antibody incubation: The modified avidin-biotin technique utilizes a secondary antibody that is conjugated to the biotin molecule. This secondary antibody recognizes and binds specifically to the primary antibody bound to the target molecule. Dilute the secondary antibody in an antibody dilution buffer and incubate the sample with it.
06
Avidin-biotin complex formation: The next step involves the interaction between the biotin molecule from the secondary antibody and the avidin molecule. Incubate the sample with avidin, which will bind strongly to the biotin molecules attached to the secondary antibody. This avidin-biotin complex further enhances the binding between the target molecule and the secondary antibody.
07
Wash steps: Similar to step 4, perform additional wash steps to remove any unbound components and reduce background noise.
08
Visualization: To visualize the target molecule, add a chromogenic substrate that reacts with the avidin-biotin complex. This reaction typically leads to the formation of a colored precipitate at the site of the target molecule. Alternatively, if using a fluorescent secondary antibody, proceed with appropriate visualization techniques, such as fluorescence microscopy.

Who needs modified avidin-biotin technique?

01
Researchers in the field of immunohistochemistry: The modified avidin-biotin technique is commonly used in immunohistochemistry to detect specific antigens within tissue samples. It allows for the visualization and localization of target molecules, providing valuable information about their expression and distribution.
02
Biomedical scientists studying protein-protein interactions: By using the modified avidin-biotin technique, researchers can investigate and analyze protein-protein interactions. By tagging proteins with specific antibodies and detecting them using the modified avidin-biotin technique, valuable insights into cellular processes and signaling pathways can be obtained.
03
Diagnostic laboratories: Modified avidin-biotin technique is also employed in diagnostic laboratories for various applications, including the detection of infectious agents, identification of tumor markers, and characterization of disease-related molecules. Its sensitivity and specificity make it a valuable tool for accurate diagnosis and prognosis.
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Modified avidin-biotin technique is a method used to increase the binding affinity between biotin and avidin, allowing for stronger interactions in various biological assays.
Researchers and scientists in the field of biotechnology or biochemistry who utilize modified avidin-biotin technique in their experiments may be required to document and report the details of this technique.
To fill out a modified avidin-biotin technique form, researchers would need to provide detailed information about the modifications made to the avidin-biotin complex, as well as the procedures used in the experiment.
The purpose of using modified avidin-biotin technique is to enhance the specificity and sensitivity of assays, allowing for better detection and analysis of various biological molecules.
Researchers must report the specific modifications made to the avidin-biotin complex, the experimental procedures used, as well as the results and conclusions drawn from the experiment.
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