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PRACTICE SET 2 Glycolysis and glycogen breakdown 1. In working skeletal muscle under anaerobic conditions, glyceraldehyde3phosphate is converted into pyruvate (the payoff phase of glycolysis), and

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How to fill out glycolysis?

1. Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate molecules.
2. To initiate glycolysis, glucose needs to be transported into the cytoplasm of a cell, where the process takes place. This can be achieved through various glucose transporters.
3. Once inside the cytoplasm, glucose is phosphorylated by the enzyme hexokinase, resulting in the formation of glucose-6-phosphate.
4. Glucose-6-phosphate is further isomerized into fructose-6-phosphate with the help of the enzyme phosphoglucose isomerase.
5. Fructose-6-phosphate is then phosphorylated by the enzyme phosphofructokinase-1, producing fructose-1,6-bisphosphate.
6. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is broken down into two three-carbon molecules called glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) by the enzyme aldolase.
7. G3P is oxidized, resulting in the production of two molecules of NADH and two molecules of ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation.
8. Finally, the remaining G3P molecules are converted into pyruvate through a series of enzymatic reactions, generating two molecules of pyruvate and an additional two molecules of ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation.

Who needs glycolysis?

1. Glycolysis is a fundamental metabolic pathway vital for most organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans.
2. It is highly important for organisms that lack mitochondria or those that cannot efficiently produce energy through oxidative phosphorylation.
3. In multicellular organisms, glycolysis serves as a crucial energy source in tissues with high metabolic demands, such as the brain, heart, and muscles.
4. Cancer cells, which often exhibit altered metabolic processes, heavily rely on glycolysis even in the presence of oxygen, a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect.
5. During periods of oxygen deprivation or limited oxygen availability, glycolysis becomes the primary source of ATP production, ensuring cellular survival.
6. Additionally, glycolysis plays a vital role in the biosynthesis of various molecules, including nucleotides, amino acids, and lipids, providing the necessary building blocks for cellular processes.

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What is glycolysis?

Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate.

Who is required to file glycolysis?

Glycolysis is a biological process that does not require filing.

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Glycolysis does not involve filling out any forms.

What is the purpose of glycolysis?

The purpose of glycolysis is to provide energy for cells.

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