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SOUTH BAY PATHOLOGY SOCIETY SPRING MEETING IN MONTEREY Immunohistochemistry in Surgical Pathology: Challenges and Diagnostic Pitfalls Saturday, May 9, 2009, Monterey Conference Center Monterey, California

How to fill out immunohistochemistry in surgical pathology

How to fill out immunohistochemistry in surgical pathology:

1. Start by identifying the specimen or tissue sample that needs to be tested using immunohistochemistry (IHC).
2. Prepare the tissue sample by fixing it with formalin and embedding it in paraffin.
3. Section the tissue sample into thin slices using a microtome.
4. Place the sliced tissue sections on glass slides and allow them to dry.
5. Prepare the IHC reagents, including primary antibodies specific to the protein of interest and secondary antibodies conjugated with a marker, such as horseradish peroxidase or fluorescent dyes.
6. Block the nonspecific binding sites on the tissue sections using a blocking solution, such as bovine serum albumin or normal serum.
7. Incubate the tissue sections with the primary antibody, ensuring proper dilution and incubation conditions.
8. Wash the tissue sections to remove any unbound primary antibodies.
9. Apply the secondary antibody solution and incubate the sections to allow binding to the primary antibody.
10. Wash the tissue sections again to remove any unbound secondary antibodies.
11. If using a marker conjugated to the secondary antibody, visualize the staining under a microscope. If using a marker like horseradish peroxidase, proceed with development using a chromogen substrate.
12. Counterstain the tissue sections if required to provide contrast and enhance visualization.
13. Finally, examine the stained tissue sections under a microscope to interpret the results and document the findings.

Who needs immunohistochemistry in surgical pathology?

1. Pathologists: Immunohistochemistry helps pathologists in diagnosing and classifying tumors by identifying specific proteins expressed in the tissue. It provides additional information to aid in accurate diagnosis, especially in challenging cases.
2. Surgeons: Immunohistochemistry can assist surgeons in determining the extent of tumor invasion and metastasis, guiding the surgical management and treatment planning.
3. Researchers: Immunohistochemistry is used extensively in research to study the expression patterns of various proteins in normal and diseased tissues. It helps in understanding disease mechanisms, identifying therapeutic targets, and developing new treatment strategies.
4. Medical students and trainees: Immunohistochemistry is an essential tool for medical education, allowing students and trainees to learn and practice histopathological interpretation, aiding in their understanding of disease processes.

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