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How to fill out prevention of perinatal hiv

How to fill out prevention of perinatal HIV:

Assess the risk factors:

1. Identify pregnant individuals who may be at higher risk of HIV infection, such as those with a history of intravenous drug use or unprotected sex with partners who are HIV positive.
2. Conduct routine HIV testing as part of prenatal care to identify undiagnosed HIV infections.

Provide education and counseling:

1. Offer comprehensive and accurate information about HIV transmission, prevention methods, and the importance of early detection and treatment.
2. Address any misconceptions or fears that pregnant individuals may have about HIV and its impact on their health and the health of their baby.

Encourage HIV testing:

1. Emphasize the importance of HIV testing during pregnancy, even if the individual has been tested before or believes they are at low risk.
2. Explain that early diagnosis can lead to effective interventions and reduce the risk of perinatal HIV transmission.

Offer antiretroviral treatment:

1. If a pregnant individual tests positive for HIV, promptly refer them to an HIV specialist or healthcare provider experienced in managing HIV infections in pregnancy.
2. Antiretroviral treatment should be initiated as soon as possible to suppress viral replication and reduce the risk of perinatal transmission.

Promote safer delivery practices:

1. Encourage pregnant individuals living with HIV to discuss delivery options with their healthcare provider.
2. Vaginal delivery may be considered for those with well-controlled viral loads, while a planned cesarean section is usually recommended for individuals with high viral loads.

Provide post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for the baby:

1. Offer antiretroviral prophylaxis to newborns born to HIV-positive mothers to further reduce the risk of perinatal transmission.
2. PEP should ideally be started within a few hours after birth and continued for a designated period, depending on the individual circumstances.

Support breastfeeding alternatives:

1. Inform HIV-positive mothers about the potential risks of breastfeeding in the context of HIV transmission.
2. Encourage the use of safer alternatives, such as formula feeding, to reduce the risk of postnatal transmission.

Continuity of care:

1. Ensure that individuals receive ongoing support and care after delivery.
2. Schedule regular follow-up visits to monitor the individual's HIV status and assess their adherence to antiretroviral treatment.

Who needs prevention of perinatal HIV?

1. Pregnant individuals who are at higher risk of HIV infection due to factors such as a history of intravenous drug use or unprotected sex with HIV-positive partners.
2. All pregnant individuals, regardless of perceived risk, as routine HIV testing during prenatal care can detect undiagnosed infections and enable timely interventions to prevent perinatal HIV transmission.

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