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Adjusting for unmeasured confounding in nonrandomised longitudinal studies a methodological review Adam J. StreeterTrial dataHealth recordsCostUsually cheaperSizeRestricted by costPotentially huge!Follow
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How to fill out adjusting for unmeasured confounding

01
Step 1: Identify potential confounding variables that have not been measured in your study.
02
Step 2: Assess the impact of these unmeasured confounding variables on your outcome of interest. This can be done through expert knowledge, literature review, or statistical analysis.
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Step 3: Choose an appropriate method to adjust for unmeasured confounding. This can include sensitivity analysis, instrumental variable analysis, or propensity score methods.
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Step 4: Implement the chosen method by including the relevant variables or adjustments in your statistical model.
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Step 5: Evaluate the results of the adjusted analysis and interpret the findings taking into account the adjustments made for unmeasured confounding.

Who needs adjusting for unmeasured confounding?

01
Researchers conducting observational studies, where randomization is not possible, may need to adjust for unmeasured confounding.
02
Studies that aim to establish causal relationships between exposure and outcome variables may also require adjusting for unmeasured confounding.
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Researchers who suspect the presence of significant confounding factors that have not been measured or accounted for in their study should consider adjusting for unmeasured confounding.
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Adjusting for unmeasured confounding refers to the process of accounting for variables that were not measured but could influence both the treatment and outcome in a study, thereby reducing bias and improving the validity of the results.
Researchers and statisticians involved in designing and conducting studies that may be influenced by unmeasured confounding factors are encouraged to implement appropriate statistical techniques to adjust for these confounders.
To fill out adjusting for unmeasured confounding, researchers should identify potential unmeasured confounders, choose appropriate statistical methods (such as propensity score matching or instrumental variable analysis), and apply these methods in their analyses to control for the confounding effects.
The purpose of adjusting for unmeasured confounding is to obtain more accurate and reliable estimates of the effect of the exposure on the outcome, thus making the findings of the study more trustworthy and relevant.
Researchers must report the criteria used to identify confounders, the methods employed for adjustment, any assumptions made, and the results of the analyses both before and after adjustment.
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