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Journal of the Nigeria English Studies Association JNESA 13 2 CATEGORISING VARIETIES OF NIGERIAN ENGLISH A SOCIO-PSYCHOLINGUISTIC PERSPECTIVE Tajudeen Yaqub Surakat Department of English Literary Studies Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Abstract The categorization of the various types of English in use in Nigeria can be traced back to the study by Brosnaham 1958 which focused on Southern Nigerian varieties. Propose a more holistic approach which accommodates relevant socio- and psycholinguistic...

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I'm a storyteller. And I would like to tell you a few personal stories about what I like to call “the danger of the single story.” I grew up on a university campus in eastern Nigeria. My mother says that I started reading at the age of two, although I think four is probably close to the truth. So I was an early reader, and what I read were British and American children's books. I was also an early writer, and when I began to write, at about the age of seven, stories in pencil with crayon illustrations that my poor mother was obligated to read, I wrote exactly the kinds of stories I was reading: All my characters were white and blue-eyed, they played in the snow, they ate apples, (Laughter) and they talked a lot about the weather, how lovely it was that the sun had come out. (Laughter) Now, this despite the fact that I lived in Nigeria. I had never been outside Nigeria. We didn't have snow, we ate mangoes, and we never talked about the weather, because there was no need to. My characters also drank a lot of ginger beer, because the characters in the British books I read drank ginger beer. Never mind that I had no idea what ginger beer was. (Laughter) And for many years afterwards, I would have a desperate desire to taste ginger beer. But that is another story. What this demonstrates, I think, is how impressionable and vulnerable we are in the face of a story, particularly as children. Because all I had read were books in which characters were foreign, I had become convinced that books by their very nature had to have foreigners in them and had to be about things with which I could not personally identify. Now, things changed when I discovered African books. There weren't many of them available, and they weren't quite as easy to find as the foreign books. But because of writers like China Achebe and Camera Late, I went through a mental shift in my perception of literature. I realized that people like me, girls with skin the color of chocolate, whose kinky hair could not form ponytails, could also exist in literature. I started to write about things I recognized. Now, I loved those American and British books I read. They stirred my imagination. They opened up new worlds for me. But the unintended consequence was that I did not know that people like me could exist in literature. So what the discovery of African writers did for me was this: It saved me from having a single story of what books are. I come from a conventional, middle-class Nigerian family. My father was a professor. My mother was an administrator. And so we had, as was the norm, live-in domestic help, who would often come from nearby rural villages. So, the year I turned eight, we got a new house boy. His name was FIDE. The only thing my mother told us about him was that his family was very poor. My mother sent yams and rice, and our old clothes, to his family. And when I didn't finish my dinner, my mother would say, “Finish your food! Don't you know? People like FIDE's family have...

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What is varieties of nigerian english?

There are several varieties of Nigerian English, which can differ in pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar. Some of the main varieties include: 1. Standard Nigerian English: This is the prestige variety of Nigerian English, used by educated speakers and professionals. It is based on British English but incorporates Nigerian vocabulary and phrases. 2. Pidgin English: Commonly known as "Naija" or "Broken English," Pidgin English is a widely spoken creole language in Nigeria. It combines English vocabulary with elements from various Nigerian languages and has its own grammar and pronunciation rules. 3. Nigerian Vernacular English: This variety is spoken by those who have limited access to formal education. It includes a mix of English words and Nigerian languages, resulting in a distinct variation of Nigerian English. 4. Literary Nigerian English: This variety is used by Nigerian authors and writers and is often influenced by local languages, cultural expressions, and storytelling traditions. 5. Educated Nigerian English: This is the spoken variation of Nigerian English used by educated individuals. It may incorporate elements from Standard Nigerian English but also includes regional accents and vocabulary. 6. Business Nigerian English: This variety is commonly used in formal business settings and is characterized by a more formal tone, adherence to grammar rules, and avoidance of local expressions. It's important to note that these varieties coexist and can overlap, with individuals often code-switching between different forms of Nigerian English based on the context and the audience.

Who is required to file varieties of nigerian english?

There is no specific individual or entity that is required to file varieties of Nigerian English. Nigerian English is not regulated by any official authority, and its usage and variations are primarily determined by the Nigerian people themselves. However, linguists, researchers, or individuals interested in studying or documenting Nigerian English may engage in research or publication to explore its various forms and expressions.

How to fill out varieties of nigerian english?

To fill out varieties of Nigerian English, consider the following steps: 1. Understand Nigerian English: Nigerian English is a distinct variety of English spoken in Nigeria. It incorporates unique vocabulary, grammar structures, and pronunciation influenced by Nigerian languages, pidgin English, and British English. 2. Determine the variety: Nigerian English is influenced by different factors such as geographical location, ethnic background, and social class. Identify the particular variety you are studying, such as the Yoruba-influenced Nigerian English or the English spoken in the northern region. 3. Research vocabulary and expressions: Nigerian English has its own vocabulary and expressions that differ from standard English. Consult Nigerian English dictionaries, read Nigerian literature, and watch Nigerian movies or TV shows to familiarize yourself with the specific vocabulary used in the chosen variety. 4. Learn about pronunciation: Nigerian English has distinct pronunciation patterns. Pay attention to the intonation, stress patterns, and pronunciation of certain sounds. Listening to native Nigerian speakers and practicing pronunciation will help you fill out the variety. 5. Study grammar structures: Nigerian English may have certain variations in grammar compared to standard English. Observe the common grammatical structures, sentence variations, and use of particles or prepositions in Nigerian English. Read Nigerian literature or consult research papers on Nigerian English grammar for elaborate study. 6. Recognize cultural contexts: Nigerian English reflects Nigerian culture and social dynamics. Understand how Nigerian culture influences language use, idiomatic expressions, and topics of conversation. Familiarize yourself with local customs, traditions, and events that might shape the speech patterns in the chosen Nigerian English variety. 7. Practice and converse with native speakers: To truly fill out the variety of Nigerian English, engage in conversations with native speakers. Practice using the vocabulary, grammar, and expressions you have learned. Seek feedback from native speakers to improve your understanding and usage of Nigerian English. Remember, the goal is not to mimic or imitate Nigerian English, but to understand and appreciate its unique features.

What is the purpose of varieties of nigerian english?

The purpose of varieties of Nigerian English is to reflect the cultural and linguistic diversity of Nigeria and its population. Nigeria is a multiethnic and multilingual country with over 500 languages spoken, and English is the official language. However, due to the influence of local languages and cultural expressions, Nigerian English has developed distinct characteristics and variations across different regions and communities. These varieties serve several purposes: 1. Communication: Nigerian English enables communication among different ethnic and linguistic groups within Nigeria. It acts as a lingua franca and allows people to understand each other despite differences in their native languages. 2. National Identity: Nigerian English reflects the unique cultural and social identity of Nigerians. It incorporates Nigerian expressions, idioms, and proverbs, adding a local flavor to the language. It helps Nigerians express their distinct personality and way of life in their speech. 3. Literature and Arts: Nigerian English has inspired a rich body of literature and artistic expression. Nigerian writers, poets, and playwrights use the language to portray Nigerian society, culture, and experiences. It has given birth to renowned authors like Chinua Achebe, Wole Soyinka, and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. 4. Global Communication: Varieties of Nigerian English, particularly the more standardized version known as "Standard Nigerian English," allows Nigerians to communicate effectively in the global arena. It helps individuals interact with international communities, engage in business, and promote cultural exchange. Overall, the purpose of varieties of Nigerian English is to facilitate communication, foster national identity, promote artistic expression, and enable global connections for Nigerians.

What information must be reported on varieties of nigerian english?

When reporting on varieties of Nigerian English, it is important to include the following information: 1. Historical Background: Begin by providing an overview of the historical context and timeline of Nigerian English, highlighting its development, influences, and emergence as a distinct variety. 2. Linguistic Features: Highlight the unique linguistic characteristics of Nigerian English, such as pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and idiomatic expressions. Discuss the ways in which Nigerian English differs from standard English and the major linguistic influences shaping this variety (e.g., indigenous languages, pidgin English). 3. Sociolinguistic Patterns: Examine the sociolinguistic aspects of Nigerian English, including its usage across different social classes, age groups, and regional variations within Nigeria. Discuss the role of Nigerian English in various domains, such as education, media, politics, and literature. 4. Attitudes and Perception: Explore the attitudes and perceptions held towards Nigerian English by both Nigerians and non-Nigerians. Discuss the local acceptance and recognition of Nigerian English as a distinct variety and any potential controversies or debates surrounding its status and legitimacy. 5. Influence of Global English: Examine the impact of globalization and the spread of English as a global language on Nigerian English. Discuss the influence of American and British English on Nigerian English and analyze the adaptation and incorporation of terms and expressions from these varieties. 6. Literary and Cultural Expression: Highlight the use of Nigerian English in literature, music, and other forms of artistic expression. Include notable Nigerian authors, poets, and musicians who creatively employ Nigerian English in their works. 7. Future Developments: Discuss current trends and future prospects for Nigerian English. Consider factors such as language contact, urbanization, technological advancements, and their potential impacts on the evolution of Nigerian English. It is also essential to acknowledge the diversity within Nigerian English by representing various regional varieties, such as those spoken in Lagos, Abuja, or the Niger Delta, and incorporating examples or illustrations of linguistic features when relevant.

When is the deadline to file varieties of nigerian english in 2023?

There is no specific deadline to file varieties of Nigerian English in 2023. Nigerian English is the variety of English spoken in Nigeria, and it does not require any formal filing or registration process. It naturally evolves and develops through usage in the Nigerian linguistic context.

What is the penalty for the late filing of varieties of nigerian english?

There is no penalty for the late filing of varieties of Nigerian English. Nigerian English is not a legal or official language, but rather a variation of English influenced by Nigerian languages and culture. It is not regulated or governed by any official body, so there are no penalties associated with its use or the timing of filing.

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