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NCI IRB Approval: Protocol Number: October 28, 2004 05CN021 A DECONTROL STUDY OF PROSTATE CANCER IN THE GREATER BALTIMORE AREA AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL RISK FACTORS FOR

How to fill out a case-control study of

How to fill out a case-control study:

1. Understand the research question: Before starting a case-control study, it is crucial to have a clear understanding of the research question you are trying to answer. This will help guide the study design and data collection process.
2. Define the cases and controls: Determine the criteria for selecting cases and controls based on the research question. Cases are individuals who have been diagnosed with the condition of interest, while controls are individuals without the condition. Ensure that the selection process is unbiased and representative of the target population.
3. Collect data on exposure and outcome: Determine the exposures or risk factors that are of interest in relation to the condition being studied. Collect data on both the exposure and outcome variables for cases and controls. This can be done through questionnaires, medical records, or other appropriate data sources.
4. Match or stratify controls: Depending on the study design, it may be necessary to match the controls to cases based on certain characteristics such as age, gender, or socioeconomic status. Matching ensures that cases and controls are comparable, reducing confounding factors.
5. Analyze the data: Once the data is collected, it needs to be analyzed to assess the association between exposure and outcome. Statistical methods such as odds ratios or logistic regression can be used to calculate the strength of the association.

Who needs a case-control study:

1. Researchers: Case-control studies are commonly used by researchers in epidemiology and other fields to investigate the association between exposure and outcome variables. Researchers use case-control studies to gather evidence for or against a specific hypothesis or research question.
2. Clinicians: Case-control studies can be valuable for clinicians when they need to evaluate the association between a potential risk factor and a specific disease or condition. This information can help clinicians make informed decisions regarding treatment and prevention strategies.
3. Policy makers: Case-control studies provide important evidence for policy makers when developing public health policies and guidelines. By understanding the risk factors associated with a particular condition, policy makers can implement effective interventions and allocate resources appropriately.

In conclusion, filling out a case-control study involves understanding the research question, defining cases and controls, collecting data on exposure and outcome, matching or stratifying controls, and analyzing the data. Researchers, clinicians, and policy makers are among those who may benefit from using case-control studies to gather evidence and make informed decisions.

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