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A New fire hydrant criterion 1 A New Fire Hydrant Criterion for the City of St. Paul, Minnesota Leading Community Risk Reduction Stanley J. Babinski St. Paul Fire Department, St. Paul, MN January

This research project aimed to improve the fire department response times for other mutual aid fire departments, and to promote the use of hydrant standard fire hydrants by a new municipal water utility. The research project was conducted between May 2003 and February 2004 in Saint Paul. To this end, an evaluation group composed of fire department personnel and utility personnel from several utilities in the metropolitan area studied a scenario in which the municipality of Saint Paul receives a call to assist another fire department (municipal water utility) in responding to a situation. A common problem encountered in large common-type service calls is the inability of mutual aid fire departments to gain access to all the common-types fire hydrants without requiring them to travel into a city block to fill their hoses. Although mutual aid fire departments are able to gain access to the public hydrants that serve as a “dead end” in the area, the fire department may not be able to gain access to the common-types hydrants because of the width of the hydrants that prohibit street access. This project study was designed to determine if a new fire hydrant standard would be useful for aiding mutual aid fire departments in gaining access to the hydrants. Materials and Methods This study included three phases: Phase 1 (June 2003 to August 2003) was for the evaluation of the current (non-standard) fire hydrant standard being used by the municipal water utility. Phase 2 (October 2003 to March 2004) was for the evaluation as a general fire station study of the effect of changing the fire hydrant standard to allow street access for mutual assistance fire departments. Phase 3 (July 2004 to February 2005) was for this study of the effect on mutual aid fire departments of changing the fire hydrant standard from a single point of access (pipe, nozzle, hose attachment, etc) to two (two hose attachment points, a hose nozzle, and a hose attachment) on a common type of hydrant. Results The evaluation phase of the project was largely an experiment. Based on initial data collected in Phase 1, the evaluation study design included nine tests that involved a wide variety of situations both fire and utility related in the Saint Paul metropolitan area. The purpose of conducting these tests was to compare the effect of a new fire hydrant standard on mutual aid fire department response times for an example situation. In all cases the fire chief of the city of Saint Paul would be responsible for organizing an emergency response situation, and the utility personnel would prepare a mutual aid response plan.

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