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Schroeder A. Cavaco-Paulo G. M. Guebitz Biotransformation of phenolics with laccase containing bacterial spores Received 5 May 2005 / Accepted 9 August 2005 / Published online 22 October 2005 C Springer-Verlag 2005 Abstract Treatment of ef uents containing phenols such as textile dyes with fungal laccases is usually limited to the acid to neutral pH range and moderate temperatures.
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For example, we recently reported that a broad and highly bioavailable phenolic dye (2-3 wt %) prepared as a solution which was mixed with various bacterial strains can be converted to dyes at pHs ranging from 3-6 with the same high efficiency for the 2-3 wt % dye of the control (DSO)-treated dye. Here we report further results on enzymatic transformations of different materials and materials containing natural phenols with and without bacterial spores, focusing on the preparation of phenols with two bacterial strains, Lactobacillus and Staphylococcus aureus. The phenols were also treated with glucosamine (a basic amino acid derived from an amino acid from the dyes) and the resulting materials were then tested for their ability to convert dye dyes in aqueous or organic solvents. At pHs below 3, the dyes formed dial epoxies with a significantly reduced efficiency, while at pHs > 3, the conversion efficiency was greater with this system than with either of the competing systems. For example, when the phenols were treated as described above with DSO at pH3, the dye formed dial epoxies with a conversion efficiency of 6.2 to 20 (at 20C). The conversion efficiency with glucosamine (P) at pH3 was 1.2 to 4.1 (at 20C), while that with 2-3 wt % dibenzaldehyde (DB) at 22C and 95C was 4.6 to 21 (at 22C). These values are not statistically significantly different from one another. For example, the pH of the phenols (0-11) ranged from 3 to 11. For these dyes this is a major difference that makes the dyes completely nontoxic in organic solvents. When the phenols were treated with bacteria from different species we observed that the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus is a better microorganism than Lactobacillus plant arum, and that this bacterium is capable of converting phenols with an efficiency of 8 to 34.6, while the pH of the phenols is 5.

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Biotransformation of phenolics refers to the enzymatic or microbial transformation of phenolic compounds into other compounds.
Companies, organizations, or individuals involved in the biotransformation of phenolics are required to file the necessary documentation.
The specific process for filling out biotransformation of phenolics may vary depending on the regulations and requirements of the governing authority. It is recommended to consult the relevant guidelines or seek professional advice.
The purpose of biotransformation of phenolics is to understand and control the chemical changes that occur in phenolic compounds during enzymatic or microbial processes, leading to the production of new compounds with desired properties or applications.
The information to be reported on biotransformation of phenolics may include details about the starting phenolic compounds, the specific biotransformation method used, the resulting compounds/products, any relevant experimental conditions, and any potential hazards or risks associated.
The specific deadline to file biotransformation of phenolics with in 2023 may vary depending on the regulatory requirements or reporting timelines established by the governing authority. It is advisable to refer to the applicable regulations or consult with the relevant authorities.
The penalty for late filing of biotransformation of phenolics may vary depending on the regulations and jurisdiction. It is essential to consult the relevant regulatory authority or seek legal advice to understand the specific consequences or penalties for late filing.
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