What is Ishihara chart?

The Ishihara chart, named after its creator Dr. Shinobu Ishihara, is a color perception test used to assess if a person has color vision deficiency, commonly known as color blindness. It consists of a series of plates with colored dots arranged in patterns and numbers hidden within them. By identifying the numbers, individuals with normal color vision can pass the test with ease, while those with color vision deficiency may struggle to see or correctly identify the numbers.

What are the types of Ishihara chart?

There are several types of Ishihara charts used for color vision testing. The most commonly known version is the Ishihara Color Test, which contains plates with dots in different colors and numbers. Another type is the Ishihara-Hardy Rand Rittler (IHRR) test, which uses plates with colored dots arranged in specific patterns. Additionally, there are specialized Ishihara charts designed for specific purposes, such as assessing color vision in children or testing for specific types of color deficiencies.

Ishihara Color Test
Ishihara-Hardy Rand Rittler (IHRR) test
Specialized Ishihara charts

How to complete Ishihara chart

Completing the Ishihara chart involves carefully examining each plate and correctly identifying the numbers hidden within the dots. Here are some steps to help you complete the test:

01
Ensure proper lighting conditions in the room.
02
Focus on each plate and try to identify any numbers present.
03
Take your time to analyze the colors and patterns on each plate.
04
If you have trouble seeing the numbers, consider seeking professional help or using specialized vision correction devices.
05
Repeat the process for each plate until the test is completed.

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Questions & answers

The current passing score is 12 correct of 14 red/green test plates (not including the demonstration plate). Research has shown that scores below twelve indicate color vision deficiency, and twelve or more correct indicate normal color vision, with 97% sensitivity and 100% specificity.
The order of presentation was random for the 24 plates of the Ishihara 38-plate test. The maximum number of possible errors any subject can make is therefore 24.
If the patient is able to read the test plate, you should move through all of the Ishihara plates, asking the patient to identify the number on each. Once the test is complete, you should document the number of plates the patient identified correctly, including the test plate (e.g. 13/13).
As assessment of the readings of plates 1 to 11 determines the normality or defectiveness of color vision. If 10 or more plates are read normally, the color vision is regarded as normal. If only 7 or less than 7 plates are read normal, the color vision is regarded as deficient.
Ishihara color test. The doctor will ask you to look at a series of circles (also called plates) with dots of different colors and sizes. Some of the dots form shapes or one- or two-digit numbers. If you have trouble seeing red and green, those shapes will be hard to see, or you may not see them at all.
As assessment of the readings of plates 1 to 11 determines the normality or defectiveness of color vision. If 10 or more plates are read normally, the color vision is regarded as normal. If only 7 or less than 7 plates are read normal, the color vision is regarded as deficient.